The U.S. militarys policy on gays, bisexuals, and lesbians serving in the military, introduced in 1994 by Bill Clintons administration. An American professor, author, filmmaker, and theorist whose work focuses on gender and human sexuality, and a founder of Transgender Studies. In an article for Afropunk, Growing Up Queer: A Brief Lesson on Hetero- and Homonormativity, Justin Allen talks about the social consequences of heteronormativity (https://afropunk.com/2013/03/growing-up-queer-a-brief-lesson-on-hetero-and-homonormativity/). It seems to me that she is carving out a way to put everything on the table, to say, ok heres what were up against, heres what Im up against, heres what I can do, heres what I am doing, heres what we need to do, heres what we need fewer people to do, heres what people have always been doing. This frequently cited essay challenges queer theorists to apply the theory to address the oppression, policing, and marginalization of people of color, the poor, and the colonized. Icon Books is licensed under a, Figure 1.2. Queer Strategies for Resisting Assimilation (New York: Soft Skull Press, 2004) and Why Are Faggots So Afraid of Faggots? Persons who do not have chromosomes, gonads, or genitals that meet medical expectations and definitions of sex within a binary system. By David L. Eng, Judith Halberstam and Jose Esteban Munoz, WHATS QUEER ABOUT QUEER STUDIES NOW? Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. References South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol sings "American Pie" by Don McLean alongside U.S. President Joe Biden during a state dinner at the White House on Wednesday. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. What do we mean when we talk about intersectional analyses, and how have they contributed to queer theory? John DEmilio, another queer historian, connects the development of modern gay identity to nineteenth-century urbanization and industrialization. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for The Deaths of the Author: Reading and Writing in Time by Gallop, Jane at the best online prices at eBay! [16] Like Rubin, Fausto-Sterlings early provocation about sex categories sees sex as biological, natural, and unchangeable; it is raw material that culture transforms into gender. In exchange, it prohibited the discrimination of closeted service persons. The largest U.S.-based LGBTQ+ advocacy group. Email: lothian at iup dot edu. Human Rights Campaign. Queer theorists . A strategy or one who enacts such strategy to gain access to, or assimilate into, existing social structures, like monogamous marriage or serving in the U.S. military. Chip Somodevilla via Getty Images. Get help and learn more about the design. This view sees homosexuals as a specific group of people, a minority, within a largely heterosexual world. His bookDisidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics(1999) uses performance studies to investigate the performance, activism, and survival of queer people of color. [18] Most queer theoretical engagements with gender deprivilege the body, particularly genitals, as a site of truth by suggesting that the appearance of binary sexed bodies is actually an effect of binary gender discourse and, as discussed in the next section, binary performances of gender. Overlapping or intersecting social identities, such as race, class, and gender, that are produced by social structures of inequality. [6] Of course, this very critical, very radical relationship to the normative appears in times before the late 1980s and in places other than the United States, but it is then and there that queer activism and queer theory are named and begin to be, however hesitantly, defined. In understanding Sedgwicks compositional approach to this article, I wonder if she was actually working on three separate works that are coalescing into a free associative whole for her. He identifies major contributors to a canon of works that built up the theory. neoliberalism. Queer Theory Revisited, by Michael Hames-Garca. My New Gender Workbook: A Step-by-Step Guide to Achieving World Peace through Gender Anarchy and Sex Positivity, by Kate Bornstein. Right now, drag performers and the LGBTQIA+ community need our help," the posts' captions read along with a link to purchase the t-shirt the couple wears in the clip through Bacon's 501(c)3 . Queer theorists like Duggan and Puar are critical of assimilationist politics, but neither offers tangible suggestions for what a socially just and queer-inclusive world might look like. Overlapping or intersecting social identities, such as race, class, and gender, that are produced by social structures of inequality. A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality study guides that feature detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, quotes, and essay topics. Kirk Synthesis 3: The Power of Queer Imaginings, Synthesis 2 Queer Identities, Temporalities, and Geographies, Synthesis #1: Queer Hearts Resurrected: The Socially Corrupted Undead Bodies of In the Flesh, Synthesis #2: Reflections on The Polymath or The Life and Opinions of Samuel R. Delany, Gentleman, Synthesis #3: Suppressing and Igniting Lesbian Desire in But Im a Cheerleader, Synthesis One: Shifting Paradigms in Foucaults History of Sexuality Volumes One and Two, Synthesis Three: Queer Imaginings in Melvilles Moby Dick, Synthesis Two: Queer Studies in a Transnational Context, Re-centering Race in My Beautiful Launderette, Synthesis 3: Meditation: Prodesse quam conspici, The Booty Dont Lie: Radical Coalitions between Queer Women of Color and the Straight Women Who Love Them, Cinema Diaspora: Discussant Mira Nair with Gayatri Gopinath Chairing. Geographer Michael Brown has criticized Sedgwick's 'closet' as a term for spatial metaphor. She applies queer theory to her activism and advocacy, pursuing the notion that LGBTQ+ equality will be achieved once heteronormativity and homonormativity within the institutions of family, society, and government are interrupted, disrupted, and decentered to become more inclusive of racial, gender, and economic diversity (New York: Magnus Books, 2012). This anthology of essays explores the concept and act of passing, critiquing the visible and invisible systems of power involved in this performance (Emeryville, CA: Seal Press. [31] Feinberg experienced harassment and brutality at the hands of police, and the vivid descriptions of violence in the book illustrate the consequences of not embodying a socially sanctioned gender expression. The minoritizing view sees homosexuality as relevant only to homosexuals. What do we mean when we talk about gender performativity and the implications of the constructionist turn? A strategy or one who enacts such strategy to gain access to, or assimilate into, existing social structures, like monogamous marriage or serving in the U.S. military. The recent inclusion of cultural capital into the English Ofsted Education Inspection Framework (2019) caused a ripple of discontent within some educational circles, with some suggesting it is indi. It does, however, have at its founding, and through the twists and turns of its development, an investment in radical social change tethered to a belief that, because gender, sexual, and other forms of social hierarchy are reproduced and regulated through discourse and social institutions, those institutions can and must be changed for the better. The struggle for queer liberation, not limited to marriage equality, is a fight that the majority population would not fight for us and with us. It works for legal protections for LGBTQ+ persons, such as promoting legislation to prevent discrimination and hate crimes. In the last segment of her argument, Sedgwick meditates on political correctness and the origin of this term. [17] Fausto-Sterling has since conceded Kesslers point. The groups motto was, and remains, Silence = Death.[1] An offshoot of ACT UP, Queer Nation, was founded in 1990 to fight the escalating violence and discrimination against LGBTQ+ people. In it, Namaste argues that trans people are erased rather than produced in a wide variety of institutional and cultural settings (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000). In her introduction to the text, Sedgwick treats the topic of homosexual panic as a way of introducing the main themes of the book. According to Sedgwick, homosexual and heterosexual definition is central to the construction of the modern nation-state, because it informs modern modes of population management. Activist demands that have been most palatable to cisgender heterosexuals are those that foreground the right to privacy, individual autonomy, and equal access to social institutions like marriage and the military. For him, experiencing performance allows audiences to rehearse new ways of seeing and being in the world together, which is why he emphasizes the importance of art and music. Charlene A. Carruthers. Please log in with your institutional or personal account if you should have access to this content through either of these. Then, in 1987, Larry Kramer, Vito Russo, and others founded the direct-action group AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) to demand that politicians, the medical community, drug manufacturers, and the public acknowledge the AIDS epidemic. Required fields are marked *. 57 likes, 2 comments - Adam's Nest (@adamsnest) on Instagram: "Flashback Friday to Independence Week 2022 with Matt and Nick in their Provincetown sweatshirts f." Nobody Passes: Rejecting the Rules of Gender and Conformity, edited by Mattilda Bernstein Sycamore. And ultimately, it is a way to shout out loud that those things we have always just accepted all the moving parts that come to define family, sexuality, or queer those are things we havent had a full conversation about yet, and part of what we havent acknowledged is the expansiveness of categories, of all the parts that determine sexuality, but also race, also gender, also nationality, also age, and religion and class. For Sedgwick, the connection of Melvilles story to homosexual life is that it is constitutive of heteronormative masculinity and heteronormative male-male relations. The marriage of two people of the same sex or gender in a civil or religious ceremony. Jos Esteban Muozs hope-affirming work claims the future for queers (figure 1.7). Yes, Dr. Lothian, thats how Im defining the term as I come to understand it! It is a much newer theory, in that it was established in the 1990s, and contests many of the set ideas of the more established fields it comes from by challenging the notion of . For Foucault, Sexuality must not be thought of as a kind of natural given which power tries to hold in check, or as an obscure domain which knowledge tries gradually to uncover. 12 Queer Patience: Sedgwick's Identity Narratives KARIN SELLBERG 189 13 Weaver's Handshake: The Aesthetics of Chronic Objects (Sedgwick, Emerson, James) MICHAEL D. SNEDIKER 203 . The reception of Ancient Greek art during the Romantic period, says Sedgwick, was significant insofar as it served as the occasion for a general societal acceptance of unphobic enjoyment of the male figure. Continuing the analysis of the previous chapter, Victorian and Gothic literature marked another shift in what came to define the heterosexual/homosexual binary. Identify key approaches and debates within the field of queer theory. In Chapter 4, Sedgwick begins with a meditation on the ways Victorian and Gothic literature negotiated the values around heterosexual masculinity and integrated those social norms into narrative. Flaming Challenges to Masculinity, Objectification, and the Desire to Conform (Oakland, CA: AK Press, 2012). It consists less of norms that could be summarized as a body of doctrine than of a sense of rightness produced in contradictory manifestations-often unconscious, immanent to practice or to institutions. Free shipping for many products! What is Carruthers referring to when she talks about telling more complete stories? He writes, The future is queernesss domain. Foucault Home Page [At CSUN] His essay is included in Gay Latino Studies: A Critical Reader, edited by M. Hames-Garca and E. J. Martnez (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2010), 1945, which won the 2011 Lambda Literary Award for Best LGBT Anthology. The scientific study of human sexuality, including human sexual interests, behaviors, and functions. Again, her argument against attempting to list ones familial identity and relationships to others is particularly useful. Job discrimination, housing discrimination, street harassment, and access to identification documents are central to the politics of queers of color as well as women and lower-income members of the LGBTQ+ community. Queer Theory and Gender Performativity, by Paul Fry. With stunning foresight and conceptual power, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick's work opened not only literature but also politics, society, and culture to broader investigations of power, sex . drag queen. Kevin Bacon y Kyra Sedgwick realizaron un baile en TikTok que fue furor . Another example is Kate Bornstein, whose 1995 publication,Gender Outlaw: On Men, Women, and the Rest of Us, humorously and accessibly describes her experiences with gender and sexuality. Review of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Epistemology of the Closet (1990) [At Gay Book Reviews] One of the most influential books on queer theory. Hames-Garca is the first to identify two schools of queer theory: the separatist, which keeps race, class, and gender outside descriptions of sexuality, and the integrationist, which blurs these categories and may abandon the concept of identity altogether. In the mid-1970s, the French historian and philosopher Michel Foucault publishedThe History of Sexuality, which describes the origin of modern homosexual identity. Halberstam argues that female masculinity actually affords us a glimpse of how masculinity is constructed as masculinity.[24] In other words, women and especially lesbians who are masculine reveal masculinity as a construct, in much the same way that drag queen performances reveal femininity as a construct. It then attaches sexual backwardness and violent homophobia to Islamic nations. For queers invested in transformative justice-oriented politics, the assimilationiststrategies employed by liberal LGBTQ+ organizations typified by the HRC stand in the way of meaningful social change. The activistCharlene A. Carrutherss Unapologetic: A Black, Queer, and Feminist Mandate for Radical Movements foregrounds the importance of intersectional thinking. A Case Study of Provincetown (Warmington), T S Redmonds Summary of Mel Y. Chens Toxic Animacies, Allen Synthesis One: Performance and Identity. Queer Theory and the Jewish Question, edited by Daniel Boyarin, Daniel Itzkovitz, and Ann Pellegrini. His bookDisidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics(1999) uses performance studies to investigate the performance, activism, and survival of queer people of color. Allen Synthesis Two: Thoughts on Place, Space, and Change, Birth in the Closet-Synthesis #3 (Hummel), Hummel Synthesis #2:Re-vising the Suburbs: A Tale of Whoa, Synthesis #1: Freakin at the Freakers Ball: Halloween in the Castro, a Love Story, #3 Henry David Hwangs Queer Diaspora in M. Butterfly. Queer theory and queer activism are products of their historical moment as well as transformative forces changing how gender and sexuality are understood in multiple academic disciplines and, increasingly, outside academia. Fausto-Sterling introduces the terms herms, ferms, and merms to categorize anatomical, hormonal, and chromosomal differences that fall outside a male-female sex dyad. Clearly a social constructionist, Butler emphasizes that she considers gender an important site of freedom and pleasure. Sedgwick says that study of sex and gender are not parallel, sex is chromosomal and gender is constructed. In the second chapter, Sedgwick turns to the figure of Claggart, a gay policeman on a ship in Melvilles Billy Budd. Published only a few years after Duggans work on homonormativity and neoliberalism, Jasbir PuarsTerrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times confirms that some queer subjects have been incorporated into U.S. national life as valued citizens. The film theorist Teresa de Lauretis (figure 1.1) coined the term at a University of California, Santa Cruz, conference about lesbian and gay sexualities in February 1990. The editors are scholars and authors of Jewish studies, queer theory, and religious studies (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003). Crip Theory: Cultural Signs of Queerness and Disability, by Robert McRuer. same-sex marriage. Halberstam (Shoemaker). universalizing. Refers to the performance of femininity or masculinity, and is most frequently used to describe the performance of gender expressions that differ from those associated with the performers natal sex assignment. "Queer and Now", Tendencies, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick. An institutionalized way of thinking and speaking, which creates a social boundary defining what can be said about a specific topic. Additionally, both queer theory and activism introduced ways of thinking and acting through politics that went beyond normalizing demands for the inclusion of LGBTQ+ people in existing social institutions. I am reminded of lesbians in the 1950s and '60s hiding lesbian pulp fiction under their mattresses, skipping over the homophobia to marvel at the idea that women like them existed somewhere out there (Greenwich Village . La pareja, que recientemente cumpli ms de tres dcadas juntos, se film mientras llevaba a cabo una coreografa al ritmo de "Karma", la cancin de Taylor Swift que integra su ltimo lbum de estudio, Midnights, y que se rumorea que ser el prximo single de difusin del disco de la artista. A term introduced by Eve Sedgwick to describe viewing sexuality and sexual definition as important to everyone, rather than focusing on homosexuals as a distinct group. How does your history with the word relate to the broader history described by Ford in the video? Part V: Relationships, Families, and Youth, Introduction to LGBTQ+ Studies: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach. According to Rubin, One begins to have a sense of a systematic social apparatus which takes up females as raw material and fashions domesticated women as products.[14] Rubin writes, As a preliminary definition, a sex-gender system is the set of arrangements by which a society transforms biological sexuality into products of human activity and in which these transformed sexual needs are satisfied.[15]. 1) What is our reaction to Sedgwicks lists concerning the family and sexual identity (6-7)? It works for legal protections for LGBTQ+ persons, such as promoting legislation to prevent discrimination and hate crimes. Queer theory is flexible enough to account for differences of race, class, gender, and nation, although it does not always do so. The story of queer theorys emergence is entwined with queer activism. Both activism and theory are historically and geographically contingent, tethered to time, space, and the material body in its specificity. Also known as Judith Halberstam, a gender and queer theorist and author, perhaps best known for work on tomboys and female masculinity. Similar to Muoz and Carruthers, he argues that radical transformation is the only way forward for queers of color. Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick (Foreword), Nancy K. Miller (Editor), Carolyn G. Heilbrun (Editor) 4.09. This site uses cookies. Rodrguez deconstructs the archetype of the gesturing emotional Latina femme to discuss how gestures and types of bodies inform sexual pleasures and practices, as well as racialized sexual and gender identities (New York: New York University Press, 2014). Lesbian and gay studies assumed clear subjects of analysislesbians and gayswho were studied as historical, cultural, or literary figures of significance to reclaim a forgotten past and create a sense of collective identity and continuity in the present. In Chapter 1, Sedgwick takes up the notion of the closet, its relationship to what is known and unknown regarding the sexual identity of oneself and another, and its relationship to the private and public lives of gay people. So its a lot to take in! When Sedgwick arrived at Cornell in 1967, she had yet to make her mark on the literary world. In Melvilles novella, the story is set against a backdrop of recent mutinies against several ships in the British navy. Social constructionism also influenced understandings of gender. This view sees homosexuals as a specific group of people, a minority, within a largely heterosexual world. Queer Theory followed the emergence and popularity of Gay and Lesbian (now, LGBT or Queer) Studies in the academy. Tan Hoang Nguyen reassesses male effeminacy and how it is racialized in cinema, art, and pornography. Office hours by appointment. Jack Halberstam. Persons who do not have chromosomes, gonads, or genitals that meet medical expectations and definitions of sex within a binary system. This can be seen in the early homophile movement, which refers to late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century homosexual rights activism that emerged in tandem and entwined with sexology and anti-sodomy laws. Carruthers states that unless we move the margins into the center, none of us will be free. What does she mean by that statement? A police raid at the Stonewall Inn in New York City in 1969 ignited demonstrations. Who are some of the key thinkers and activists who have contributed to these movements? Sedgwick: "Queer and Now" (Powers) Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick's article, "Queer and Now," collected in her book Tendencies (Routledge 1994), challenges the dominant cultural conception of what it means to be queer, i.e., not part of a binaried heteronormative coupling in early 1990s America. Is there a place for organizations like the HRC in queer politics? Some would argue that lesbian and gay studies took an essentialist view of sexuality that assumed individuals possessed a fixed and innate sexual identity that was both universal and transhistorical.[7]. She was one of the first people to publicly identify as transgender, then later as nonbinary and gender nonconforming. In exchange, it prohibited the discrimination of closeted service persons. It explains why she so adamantly defends close readings, queer interpretations, formalist inquiry, and a deep plumbingof difficult texts. Carruthers presents an intersectional analysis in the video. Her updated version of the classic My Gender Workbook (1997) is an accessible, humorous, and interactive introduction to contemporary gender theory, as well as the intersection of gender, sexuality, and power (New York: Routledge, 2013). Additionally, like Carruthers, Chambers-Letson decenters the queer sexual subject and queer theory to explore intersectional possibilities for speculative world making and practical activism. Drag queens are often associated with gay culture. We cannot be and will not be denied that. South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol wowed President Joe Biden and the crowd at a White House state dinner on Wednesday night by breaking out into song. About, Human Rights Campaign, accessed May 12, 2021, L. Duggan, The New Homonormativity: The Sexual Politics of Neoliberalism, in. The sense of a historical moment is strong in the essay, as its title underscores. [21] Importantly, for Butler, because gender must be constantly reperformed, it can be intentionally or unintentionally troubled, revealing it as an ongoing project with no origin. Why? Though I am not nave enough to have come into this class with no understanding of the political roots of Queer Theory, when working through dense and highly theoretical language it is remarkably easy to forget these issues affect all peoples daily lives, and impact many individuals in dramatic and heartbreaking ways. The climax of this story comes after Billy accuses Claggart of nefarious activity, and Vere intervenes by arbitrating the situation from within the privacy of the captains quarters. A phrase coined by Gayle Rubin to describe the social apparatus that oppresses women. Why or why not? Sedgwick ends her introduction on the note that , It is possible, and quite likely, that this portion of this article hit home for me because I am currently reading Homers. An American professor, author, filmmaker, and theorist whose work focuses on gender and human sexuality, and a founder of Transgender Studies. This does important political and intellectual work in troubling the idea of heterosexuality as normal and natural, a claim that has been used to marginalize homosexuals. constructionist. McRuer examines how dominant and marginal physical and sexual identities are constructed, and he demonstrates through popular culture, politics, and higher education how disabilities and queerness disrupt and transform those identities (New York: New York University Press, 2006). The view of sexuality that assumes individuals possess a fixed and innate sexual identity that is both universal and transhistorical. Queerness is a structuring and educated mode of desiring that allows us to see and feel beyond the quagmire of the present.[38] For Muoz, conditions of everyday life are simply not viable for queer people of color, which prompts many to imagine a transformed world. 2006). From its earliest iterations, queer theory challenged norms that reproduced inequalities and, at its best, sought to understand how sexuality intersected with gender, race, class, and other social identities to maintain social hierarchies. By looking back at the text Queer Visibilities that largely focused on articulating some of the relationships between the urban and sexuality over a decade ago in Cape Town, this article suggests . Her books include The Transformative Potential of LGBTQ+ Childrens Picture Books (2022) and The Dialectic of Digital Culture (2019), which she coedited with David Arditi. I have deliberately chosen to identify the ironic spectator as gay rather than queer, based on Butler's (1993) theorization of critical queerness. Through this blog, I will be exploring issues of sex, gender, and embodiment through the lens of queer theory.

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