stonewall riots documents

This, the very first U.S. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:And then the next night. It was done in our little street talk. A set of police records gathered by OutHistory.org, a Web site run by the Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies at the City It was one of the things you did in New York, it was like the Barnum and Bailey aspect of it. And they wore dark police uniforms and riot helmets and they had billy clubs and they had big plastic shields, like Roman army, and they actually formed a phalanx, and just marched down Christopher Street and kind of pushed us in front of them. Stonewall Riots Detective John Sorenson, Dade County Morals & Juvenile Squad (Archival):There may be some in this auditorium. Eric Marcus, Writer:The Mattachine Society was the first gay rights organization, and they literally met in a space with the blinds drawn. Documents and Transcripts Listed by Time of Occurrence, from Earliest to Latest Document 1. John Scagliotti Notably, an uncounted number of LGBTQ+ people have died as a result of police raids on gay spaces. The fire department and a riot squad were eventually able to douse the flames, rescue those inside Stonewall, and disperse the crowd. Dick Leitsch:It was an invasion, I mean you felt outraged and stuff like you know what, God, this is America, what's this country come to? I mean it didn't stop after that. Stonewall Riots (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). We didn't want to come on, you know, wearing fuzzy sweaters and lipstick, you know, and being freaks. They'd go into the bathroom or any place that was private, that they could either feel them, or check them visually. I mean I'm talking like sardines. And the Stonewall was part of that system. Fred Sargeant:Things started off small, but there was an energy that began to flow through the crowd. Paper, $35.00.) In 1999 the U.S. National Park Service placed the Stonewall Inn on the National Register of Historic Places, and in 2016 Pres. Doric Wilson:That's what happened Stonewall night to a lot of people. There was at least one gay bar that was run just as a hustler bar for straight gay married men. Trevor, Post Production Whats more, the Mafia reportedly blackmailed the clubs wealthier patrons who wanted to keep their sexuality a secret. Alexis Charizopolis I would wait until there was nobody left to be the girl and then I would be the girl. "Don't fire. The Stonewall had reopened. They were obtained last month by Jonathan Ned Katz, Stonewall And the police were showing up. Dana Gaiser Martin Boyce:In the early 60s, if you would go near Port Authority, there were tons of people coming in. The Stonewall Inn opened its doors as a gay bar in 1967 in Greenwich Village, Ed Koch, Councilman, New York City:The Stonewall, they didn't have a liquor license and they were raided by the cops regularly and there were pay-offs to the cops, it was awful. Without police interference, the crime family could cut costs how they saw fit: The club lacked a fire exit, running water behind the bar to wash glasses, clean toilets that didnt routinely overflow and palatable drinks that werent watered down beyond recognition. William Eskridge, Professor of Law:Ed Koch who was a democratic party leader in the Greenwich Village area, was a specific leader of the local forces seeking to clean up the streets. (Close reading) According to this document, which groups of people had strong attachments to the Stonewall Inn? Combining exhaustively researched narrative with meticulously curated photographs, the book traces queer activism from its roots in late-nineteenth-century Europe--long before the pivotal Stonewall Riots of 1969--to the gender warriors leading the charge today. The cops were barricaded inside. Biting had not been documented as a tactic of the rioters. Barney Karpfinger One poignant example is the murder of Frederick Wiliam Paez on the 11th anniversary of Stonewall (June 28 1980) who was shot by a police officer who had solicited him. Marc Steins The Stonewall Riots: A Documentary History is a primary-source collection of the sort that a professor might assign in a class on social movements. HIS 100 Module Three Activity Revising Questions - Studocu It was not a place that, in my life, me and my friends paid much attention to. Like many gay establishments at the time, the Stonewall Inn was owned by the mafia, and as long as they continued to make a profit, they cared very little what happened to their clientele. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. My father said, "About time you fags rioted.". I'm losing everything that I have. In 1969, it had no liquor license and held refuge for gay men and transvestites against the prejudiced police and laws. And then there were all these priests ranting in church about certain places not to go, so you kind of knew where you could go by what you were told not to do. They were just holding us almost like in a hostage situation where you don't know what's going to happen next. Participants of the 1969 Greenwich Village uprising describe the effect that Stonewall had on their lives. Dr. Socarides (Archival):I think the whole idea of saying "the happy homosexual" is to, uh, to create a mythology about the nature of homosexuality. Jimmy knew he shouldn't be interested but, well, he was curious. David Carter The lights came on, it's like stop dancing. You see, Ralph was a homosexual. There was no going back now, there was no going back, there was no, we had discovered a power that we weren't even aware that we had. Stonewall Inn. Against David Van o A protest may turn into a riot when it involves the destruction of property, the use of weapons, or when it results in people becoming injured. In this lesson, students analyze four documents to answer the question: What caused the Stonewall Riots? an unknown object. Mr. Van Ronk eventually pleaded guilty to harassment, a violation. 50 Years After Stonewall I mean, I came out in Central Park and other places. In short, on the morning of June 28, the Stonewall was full of people who had every reason not to want to show their IDs. We knew that this was a moment that we didn't want to let slip past, because it was something that we could use to bring more of the groups together. John O'Brien:All of a sudden, the police faced something they had never seen before. Police Records Document Start of Stonewall Uprising Martin Boyce Few photographs of the raid and the riots that followed exist. The police report documenting the assault on the automobile is part of a small set of documents nine pages in total posted online last week at OutHistory.org, Martin Boyce:That was our only block. California State University Campus. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:All of straight America, in terms of the middle class, was recoiling in horror from what was happening all around them at that time, in that summer and the summer before. Raymond Castro:Society expected you to, you know, grow up, get married, have kids, which is what a lot of people did to satisfy their parents. The most infamous of those institutions was Atascadero, in California. And when she grabbed that everybody knew she couldn't do it alone so all the other queens, Congo Woman, queens like that started and they were hitting that door. Amber Hall All of the rules that I had grown up with, and that I had hated in my guts, other people were fighting against, and saying "No, it doesn't have to be this way.". We were scared. These events and the people involved have not received as much historical attention as Stonewall, but are just as central to understandings of U.S. LGBTQIA+ histories. Saying I don't want to be this way, this is not the life I want. The Stonewall Riots, also called the Stonewall Uprising, began in the early hours of June 28, 1969 when New York City police raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay club located in Greenwich Village in New York City. It was a real good sound to know that, you know, you had a lot of people out there pulling for you. The Stonewall Inn site was declared ", Martin Boyce:People in the neighborhood, the most unlikely people were starting to support it. Document WebLast Friday the privacy of the Stonewall was invaded by police from the First Division. "The Stonewall Riotsis an invaluable addition to LGBTQ+ history, gathering for the first time a wealth of primary documents that will deepen understanding of a pivotal, culture-changing event." The Stonewall Riots: A Documentary History . Danny Garvin:Bam, bam and bash and then an opening and then whoa. WebThe Stonewall Inn is a gay bar in New York City. Mary Queen of the Scotch, Congo Woman, Captain Faggot, Miss Twiggy. They put some people on the street right in front ofThe Village Voiceprotesting the use of the word fag in my story. The term like "authority figures" wasn't used back then, there was just "Lily Law," "Patty Pig," "Betty Badge." It was as bad as any situation that I had met in during the army, had just as much to worry about. Our lessons and assessments are available for free download once you've created an account. You know, Howard's concern was and my concern was that if all hell broke loose, they'd just start busting heads. As the riots progressed, an international gay rights movement was born. Documents. Maureen Jordan Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:They started busting cans of tear gas. And so there was this drag queen standing on the corner, so they go up and make a sexual offer and they'd get busted. And they were having a meeting at town hall and there were 400 guys who showed up, and I think a couple of women, talking about these riots, 'cause everybody was really energized and upset and angry about it. It provides references for primary documents related to the materials reprinted inThe Stonewall Riots; most of the sources come from newspapers, magazines, and newsletters. Historians have noted that the shift in activism, if Stonewall truly represented one at all, was a shift primarily for white cisgender people, as people of color and gender non-conforming people never truly had the benefit of concealing their marginalized identities. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt Jerry Hoose:I mean the riot squad was used to riots. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Samual Murkofsky Finally, Mayor Lindsay listened to us and he announced that there would be no more police entrapment in New York City. On June 28, 1969, the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York's Greenwich Village, was raided by police. I met this guy and I broke down crying in his arms. Gay people were not powerful enough politically to prevent the clampdown and so you had a series of escalating skirmishes in 1969. Armed with a warrant, police officers entered the club, It was an age of experimentation. Martin Boyce:And I remember moving into the open space and grabbing onto two of my friends and we started singing and doing a kick line. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Bettye Lane I never saw so many gay people dancing in my life. WebArrest Reports From the 1969 Stonewall Uprising. When you exit, have some identification and it'll be over in a short time." But we're going to pay dearly for this. And there was tear gas on Saturday night, right in front of the Stonewall. The records concern the start of the Stonewall uprising in the early morning of June 28, 1969. John O'Brien:They had increased their raids in the trucks. My last name being Garvin, I'd be called Danny Gay-vin. The Stonewall Riots unofficially kicked off the LGBTQ movement. Danny Garvin:And the cops just charged them. Danny Garvin:We were talking about the revolution happening and we were walking up 7th Avenue and I was thinking it was either Black Panthers or the Young Lords were going to start it and we turned the corner from 7th Avenue onto Christopher Street and we saw the paddy wagon pull up there. For the first time, we weren't letting ourselves be carted off to jails, gay people were actually fighting back just the way people in the peace movement fought back. "Daybreak Express" by D.A. E.R.C.H.O. New York City Police Department/OutHistory.org. They were not used to a bunch of drag queens doing a Rockettes kick line and sort of like giving them all the finger in a way. On this 50th anniversary of Stonewall, the National Archives pays homage to those who risked their lives protesting for their basic human rights. All the rules were off in the '60s. And the Village has a lot of people with children and they were offended. Jerry Hoose:I was afraid it was over. Danny Garvin:With Waverly Street coming in there, West Fourth coming in there, Seventh Avenue coming in there, Christopher Street coming in there, there was no way to contain us. OutHistory.org has scheduled a fund-raiser, titled Stonewall Was a Riot! Raymond Castro:I'd go in there and I would look and I would just cringe because, you know, people would start touching me, and "Hello, what are you doing there if you don't want to be touched?" Narrator (Archival):This involves showing the gay man pictures of nude males and shocking him with a strong electric current. It welcomed drag queens, who received a bitter reception at other gay bars and clubs. Web(Close reading) According to this document, what had been happening in the weeks leading up to the Stonewall Riots? Eric Marcus, Recreation Still Photography Over a short period of time, he will be unable to get sexually aroused to the pictures, and hopefully, he will be unable to get sexually aroused inside, in other settings as well. Mike Nuget First you gotta get past the door. But it's serious, don't kid yourselves about it. Research assistance provided by Mario Burrus, Adam Joseph Nichols, and Cole Souder. A medievalist. This was ours, here's where the Stonewall was, here's our Mecca. Stonewall Riots Within minutes, a full-blown riot involving hundreds of people began. Use all four of your sources (two primary and two secondary) to answer the questions below. Slate:Perversion for Profit(1965), Citizens for Decency Through Law. Stonewall riots, also called Stonewall uprising, series of violent confrontations that began in the early hours of June 28, 1969, between police and gay rights activists outside the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in the Greenwich Village section of New York City. According to the documents the police allowed the bars to operate, overlooking violations in return for a percentage of the take. It was the law. John O'Brien:I was very anti-police, had many years already of activism against the forces of law and order. This online resource is a research supplement to Marc Stein,The Stonewall Riots: A Documentary History(New York: New York University Press, 2019). In 1966, three years before Stonewall, members of The Mattachine Society, an organization dedicated to gay rights, staged a sip-in where they openly declared their sexuality at taverns, daring staff to turn them away and suing establishments who did. Martin Boyce:The day after the first riot, when it was all over, and I remember sitting, sun was soon to come, and I was sitting on the stoop, and I was exhausted and I looked at that street, it was dark enough to allow the street lamps to pick up the glitter of all the broken glass, and all the debris, and all the different colored cloth, that was in different places. John van Hoesen Dick Leitsch:And that's when you started seeing like, bodies laying on the sidewalk, people bleeding from the head. The following titles link to fuller bibliographic information in the Library of Congress Online Catalog. They raided the Checkerboard, which was a very popular gay bar, a week before the Stonewall. Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Gay History Papers and Photographs, Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations Stonewall Riot NYPD Reports and Transcriptions. Dick Leitsch:And so the cops came with these buses, like five buses, and they all were full of tactical police force. Martin Boyce:Oh, Miss New Orleans, she wouldn't be stopped. That never happened before. WebThe legacy of the Stonewall riots still makes its impact today. Aaron Lecklider Journal of American History, Volume 107, Issue 3, December 2020, Pages 794796, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaaa438 Published: 01 December 2020 PDF Split View Cite Clever. Stonewall 25: Cases 1-2 - Columbia University . Jerry Hoose:I was chased down the street with billy clubs. And they were gay. I hope it was. Jerry Hoose That was our world, that block. I was wearing my mother's black and white cocktail dress that was empire-waisted. This time the people milling outside the bar did not retreat or scatter as they almost always had in the past. Stonewall Riots Essay most fun and fascinating nights of my life. Colonial House Jimmy hadn't enjoyed himself so much in a long time. Ed Koch, Councilman, New York City:Yes, entrapment did exist, particularly in the subway system, in the bathrooms. The medical experimentation in Atascadero included administering, to gay people, a drug that simulated the experience of drowning; in other words, a pharmacological example of waterboarding. One report cites three people Raymond Castro, Marilyn Fowler and Vincent DePaul as having acted together to shove and kick the officer. Ms. Fowler and Mr. DePaul had not been previously Greenwich Village's Stonewall Inn has undergone several transformations in the decades since it was the focal point of a three-day riot in 1969. Many alternative, independent, and left periodicals are available viaIndependent Voices--Reveal Digital. I actually thought, as all of them did, that we were going to be killed. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:As much as I don't like to say it, there's a place for violence. Dick Leitsch:There were Black Panthers and there were anti-war people. ), Pine has been vilified by a number of gay writers, but from all my interactions with him I believe his account was truthful and accurate, Mr. Carter said. If you came to a place like New York, you at least had the opportunity of connecting with people, and finding people who didn't care that you were gay. How do you Ensure Gay bars were places of refuge where gay men and lesbians and other individuals who were considered sexually suspect could socialize in relative safety from public harassment. And these were meat trucks that in daytime were used by the meat industry for moving dead produce, and they really reeked, but at nighttime, that's where people went to have sex, you know, and there would be hundreds and hundreds of men having sex together in these trucks. Perhaps the man in question was having a bit of fun at the arresting officers expense. By Marc Stein . These 1969 riots are largely credited with sparking the contemporary LGBTQ+ rights movement. They frequent their own clubs, and bars and coffee houses, where they can escape the disapproving eye of the society that they call straight. And as awful as people might think that sounds, it's the way history has always worked. And then as you turned into the other room with the jukebox, those were the drag queens around the jukebox. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. Danny Garvin:Everybody would just freeze or clam up. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:The Stonewall pulled in everyone from every part of gay life. He brought in gay-positive materials and placed that in a setting that people could come to and feel comfortable in. You throw into that, that the Stonewall was raided the previous Tuesday night. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In 1924, the first gay rights organization is founded by Henry Gerber in Chicago. Despite the later historical significance assigned to the Stonewall rebellion, many of the details associated with the events have have been poorly or incompletely documented, said Mr. Carter, whose book has been cited But I'm wearing this police thing I'm thinking well if they break through I better take it off really quickly but they're gunna come this way and we're going to be backing up and -- who knows what'll happen. Narrator (Archival):This is a nation of laws. And it was fantastic. Lester Senior Housing Community, Jewish Community Housing Corporation And a whole bunch of people who were in the paddy wagon ran out. On June 28 at approximately 1:15 a.m., undercover NYPD officers Updated: May 31, 2022 | Original: May 31, 2017. A 1969 Account of the Stonewall Uprising - The Atlantic Oddball Film + Video, San Francisco k lmZkvLvcJ?Jcb^*` Producers The very idea of being out, it was ludicrous. Based on hundreds of interviews, an exhaustive search of public and previously sealed files and over a decade of intensive research, Stonewall tells the definitive story of this singular event in history. The Stonewall Riots are widely considered to be the start of the LGBT rights movement in the United States. On June 28, 1969, New York City police raided a Greenwich Village gay bar, the Stonewall Inn, setting off a three-day riot that launched the modern American gay rights movement. Beginning of our night out started early. Fred Sargeant:The press did refer to it in very pejorative terms, as a night that the drag queens fought back. New York Today is still going strong! Urban Stages Just making their lives miserable for once. But you live with it, you know, you're used to this, after the third time it happened, or, the third time you heard about it, that's the way the world is. Franco Sacchi, Additional Animation and Effects The New York State Liquor Authority refused to issue liquor licenses to many gay bars, and several popular establishments had licenses suspended or revoked for "indecent conduct.". Atascadero was known in gay circles as the Dachau for queers, and appropriately so. Interviewer (Archival):What type of laws are you after? With riveting narrative skill, he recreates those revolutionary, sweltering nights in vivid detail through the lives of six people who were drawn into the struggle for LGBTQ rights. Narrator (Archival):We arrested homosexuals who committed their lewd acts in public places. Older groups such as the Mattachine Society, which was founded in southern California as a discussion group for gay men and had flourished in the 1950s, soon made way for more radical groups such as the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) and the Gay Activists Alliance (GAA). And I just didn't understand that. All of this stuff was just erupting like a -- as far as they were considered, like a gigantic boil on the butt of America. In the Life Martha Shelley Slate:In 1969, homosexual acts were illegal in every state except Illinois. Dick Leitsch:Well, gay bars were the social centers of gay life. Virginia Apuzzo:It was free but not quite free enough for us. June 28, 2019 The Stonewall Inn is a sacred place for many in the LGBTQ community. Liz Davis Stonewall Anger erupted after New York City police arrested 13 people during a raid at the Stonewall Inn, a bar and safe space for the LGBTQ+ community. Accustomed to more passive behaviour, even from larger gay groups, the policemen called for reinforcements and barricaded themselves inside the bar while some 400 people rioted. We had no speakers planned for the rally in Central Park, where we had hoped to get to. Stonewall riots Fred Sargeant:Three articles of clothing had to be of your gender or you would be in violation of that law. June is internationally recognized as Pride Month, and this years celebrations mark the 50 th anniversary of the Stonewall Riotsthe catalyst for the modern LGBTQ+ civil rights movement.. I was never seduced by an older person or anything like that. Danny Garvin:There was more anger and more fight the second night. Barack Obama designated the site of the Stonewall uprising a national monument. And in a sense the Stonewall riots said, "Get off our backs, deliver on the promise." I could never let that happen and never did. And it would take maybe a half hour to clear the place out. Slate:Activity Group Therapy (1950), Columbia University Educational Films. They call them hotels, motels, lovers' lanes, drive-in movie theaters, etc. Stonewall (2015 film This was a highly unusual raid, going in there in the middle of the night with a full crowd, the Mafia hasn't been alerted, the Sixth Precinct hasn't been alerted. Raymond Castro:Incendiary devices were being thrown in I don't think they were Molotov cocktails, but it was just fire being thrown in when the doors got open. Cause we could feel a sense of love for each other that we couldn't show out on the street, because you couldn't show any affection out on the street. Stonewall Riot Because to be gay represented to me either very, super effeminate men or older men who hung out in the upper movie theatres on 42nd Street or in the subway T-rooms, who'd be masturbating. It is important to note that there were a number of uprisings against police & statebrutality, harassment and entrapment of the LGBT+ communities in the U.S.in the years before Stonewall. Cause I was from the streets. Was he present at the Stonewall Riots? Hunted, hunted, sometimes we were hunted. So I run down there. What Happened at the Stonewall Riots? A Timeline of the 1969 We didn't expect we'd ever get to Central Park. Is that conceivable? Martha Shelley:In those days, what they would do, these psychiatrists, is they would try to talk you into being heterosexual. Website support provided by Margaret Paz. TV Host (Archival):That's a very lovely dress too that you're wearing Simone. This is one thing that if you don't get caught by us, you'll be caught by yourself. So gay people were being strangled, shot, thrown in the river, blackmailed, fired from jobs.

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