Using multiple chronographs positioned at varying distances and heights, we calculated the drop in projectile speed at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 yards. For every 3 grains of total arrow weight above draw weight multiplied by 5, subtract 1 ft/s from the IBO value. Now, enter the Draw length of the bow. Every inch of draw length under 30 will subtract 10 ft per second from the IBO value. Now check the distance and estimate the speed below: If you are using a recurve bow, arrows can travel at up to 225 feet per second (fps) or 150mph, while arrows from a compound bow travel at up to 300 fps (200mph). Mike is an avid archery hunter and brings a military methodology to his hunting and life. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. Knowing I shot my 315-grain antelope arrow at 309 FPS, I entered that data to find the most efficient arrow weight for my new whitetail arrow. Red: Highlights specific speeds in fps and MAX energy (KE and M). Arrow Ballistics Calculator Kinetic Energy, Drop, Speed, Momentum, Crossbow Kinetic Energy Chart, Calculations, Hunting Requirements, Crossbow Arrow Drop Charted Test Results. To make the change inarrow, I went back to ourArrow Efficiency Calculator. These records provide information on the performance of different components in a computer system when running specific games or applications. By simply indicating the particular values of some parameters, this tool will help you calculate an arrow fps speed. 1 slug equals 32.174 ft-lbs. Arrow speed Value must be between 100 and 500 Feet Per Second. To calculate arrow speed, measure the distance in inches between the two groups of arrows you shot from 20 and 40 yards. If you look at the above chart you will notice that from 250 F.P.S. So, the closer you can get to your target, the more kinetic energy your arrow will have. SHORT STROKES. The speed of your arrow will determine how flat of a trajectory your arrow has at short and long distances and how much arc is needed to travel large distances. Which means that if you want to be able to reliably hit live targets at 40 yards, you better have a crossbow that is able to launch arrows at 400 FPS or more. Four terms to know when properly sighting in a Crossbow. TenPoint today unveiled its new-for-2022 Nitro 505, the fastest crossbow in company history and one that sets a new industry standard with an advertised speed of 505 feet per second with 400-grain bolts. For the most accurate results, it is best to use a known speed and known arrow weight under 6 grain per pound to determine your corrected IBO value. This tool should get you close to that. This calculator is based on average efficiency gains as arrow weight is increased from 5 grains per pound (IBO). For every inch of draw length above 30, add 10 fps to the IBO value. Muley Short Sleeve T-shirt | Solids, Coues On Short Sleeve T-shirt | Black/Gray, Western Whitetail Multicam Flexfit Mesh Cap, +/- 1 inch change in draw length ~ +/-10 FPS, +/- 10 pound change in draw weight ~+/- 18 FPS, +/- 3 grain change in arrow weight ~ +/- 1 FPS, +/- 3 grain change in string weight ~ +/- 1 FPS. The heavier your arrow, the slower its initial speed will be, and the lower its speed will be when it hits the target, resulting in lower kinetic energy. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. And of course, most of us operate within a more or less fixed budget and don't enjoy the idea of spending $3k-$4k on one of the latest and greatest models. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. When you input your bow and arrows information in the calculator below, you can see right away what your arrows potential is. Lets find out. And second, faster arrows leave less time for the animal to react to the shot sound. This is what we included: The IBO speed is used as a standardized speed rating for bows. Light Blue: Range of efficient arrow weights. For a more detailed explanation, check the notes below the calculator. Try our arrow speed calculator below! This arrow speed calculator allows you to accurately determine the speed of an arrow. This should set your correct arrow speed and make the ballistics calculator work for you. As you know, IBO speed is a standard measure of the speed of a bow, and by using it as a baseline for all calculations, our calculator can provide you with accurate and reliable results. We strongly advise that you stick with the recommended values to maintain lots of room for error, particularly if youre new to hunting. You can calculate your arrow's KE and express it in foot-pounds. Many bowhunters buy arrows that fit their bow, their draw weight, and their draw length; but fail to understand the unique characteristics of each arrow and the arrows ability to penetrate and kill the wild game they are hunting. You can measure arrow speed using optical chronographs, Doppler chronographs, or laptop-based audio applications. Every bow gains efficiency a little differently. These are calculated as follows: Our arrow speed calculator converts the units automatically. Thats a massive difference in a hunting scenario. 4. Here is an example to demonstrate the use of the values above: Example: lets say you know your 400 grain arrow will fly at 350 FPS. Actual ballistics data will vary slightly based on weather conditions and how high above sea level you are. It will give you a rough idea of how fast an arrow travels after changing the bow from the recommended specifications. In the table below, you will see some base values there already, they are there to show you an example of a real-world situation with real values and what they look like when compared to a mid-range bow and mid-range set of arrows. fps. Draw length LLL This is the distance that the string is pulled back. A 70#/29 bow thats rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. But let's get a bit more precise (pun unintended): Aside from your aiming skills, animals jumping the string is the most common reason for disappointing results on hunting trips with a crossbow. Execute. You will need to provide total arrow weight and initial speed for the calculation to be effective, as well as some other optional info (see below). When using the calculator above, input your values and then compare them to those values in the tables below. In the majority of cases once a peep is added the speed will only be a few fps off but the ratings of some bows are significantly off. Power stroke is the distance, in inches, that the string accelerates an arrow down a crossbow's flight rail. The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. The Doppler chronograph is fast and easy to use. How far can you shoot a crossbow? When a crossbow is said to shoot at 300 FPS, that means that, when the arrow leaves the flight rail, it would travel 300 feet in the span of one second if it could constantly maintain its momentum and trajectory. In general, all three methods can be used with equal success as there is little difference in measured speed. Keep in mind that most IBO ratings are not real-world numbers. Bowstring weight WWW Adding accessories to a bowstring impacts its speed; for every 3 grains of extra weight on the bowstring, deduct 1 fps from the IBO number. Arrow weight: Again, the rule of thumb is that for every 5 grains of added arrow weight, you will drop raw speed by 1-2 fps. All Rights Reserved. And your arrow would fly over it or hit a less desirable area, like the spine of the animal. Crossbow Kinetic Energy 200 FPS 225 FPS 250 FPS 1/3 10 20 30 40 50 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Yards travelled by arrow Kinetic Energy ( In food - pounds) Chart by Visualizer #3:Notall crossbows are suitable for hunting. Because there is a huge difference between shooting a deer with a 300 FPS crossbow and a 400 FPS (or faster) model. Draw length: A longer draw length creates a longer power stroke than a shorter draw length, allowing the bow to store more energy. Calculate arrow fps speed How fast does my arrow travel. 44 Yards - Maximum Effective Hunting Range. The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. Now we have what we need to calculate KE: Arrow speed: 240 FPS Arrow weight: 400 grain The formula for calculating Kinetic Energy is: (Arrow weight) x (Arrow speed) x (Arrow speed) / 450,240 You can also see how increasing your arrow weight will increase kinetic energy and momentum, but then decrease kinetic energy when the speed of your arrow decreases to the point where it can no longer provide the force necessary to increase your arrows lethality. We've created a text where you'll find some of the basics related to IBO speed and how to calculate bow speed. Draw length: A longer draw length creates a longer power stroke than a shorter draw length, allowing the bow to store more energy. ArcheryHunting.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. So if we have 100 ft-lb initial energy (at 0 yards), at 10 yards you can expect roughly 97-97 ft-lbs. Finally, using our arrow ballistics calculator (which requires that both arrow speed and mass are known) we determined the values plotted in the chart below. With the disadvantage of my short draw length of 27.5-inches and my draw weight of 60-pounds because of a bad shoulder, I decided to go with the fastest arrow within that range, something right around 400-grains. For your reference, an estimated peep only weight is 20 grains, and a peep + tube is 45 total grains. Arrow flight time till impact at 44 yards, approximately 4/10 of a second. But it cannot. Knowing the rough speed at which your arrow will fly, you can now use our kinetic energy calculator to quickly figure out your arrow's initial kinetic energy. In closing, using an arrow speed calculator will provide a solid estimate; however, you have to shoot your hunting weight arrow through a chronograph to know exactly how fast it is flying. The rule of thumb was that for every added inch of draw length, you increase raw arrow speed by approximately 10-15 fps. Corrected IBO Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. A feather traveling at 20 mph might sting, or might not even be felt, depending upon how it strikes. Note that the above is valid if speed is NOT increased at the expense of reduced arrow weight. For every inch of draw length under 30, subtract 10 ft/s from the IBO value. Let us see how to use this tool: Begin by indicating the IBO rating in fps in the Bow IBO rating field. Archery Hunting 101: Bow Hunting for Beginners. Notice that at 250 FPS this value cannot be achieved. The rule of thumb was that for every added inch of draw length, you increase raw arrow speed by approximately 10-15 fps. of draw weight. This is a good rough rule to remember in case you need to do some quick on-the-spot kinetic energy calculations in the field. When it comes to how much an arrow's weight affects its speed, the consensus is that every additional 5 grains of arrow weight reduces arrow speed by an average of 2 fps. Maximum Point Blank Range; Maximum point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the height of the mid-range rise and the arrow drop beyond true zero, both are equal in measure. The same is true of a crossbow arrow. 3. While it is based on the bow speed IBO specification, you can input the individual settings of your bow. For whitetail deer this requirement is lower any crossbow 250 FPS and up will be a safe pick. You decide to use 400 grain arrows, and using our FPS guide you calculate the point-blank speed of your arrow to be 240 FPS. For every inch of draw length above 30, add 10 ft/s to the IBO value. Fast-flying arrows have flatter flight trajectories and less deviation from the wind. As the older bows were less efficient out of the box, they naturally have more room for improvement. You can use the results obtained from this archery calculator in the projectile motion calculator to analyze the arrow's path. Chasing 300 fps? But a bowling ball moving at the same speed is a whole different matter. For the most accurate results, it is best to use a known speed and known arrow weight under 6 grain per pound todetermine your "corrected" IBO value. Use the Arrow Efficiency Calculator to find the optimal arrow for your bowhunting setup. With having said that lets sight these crossbows with a maximum point blank range drop of 3 inches and a mid-range rise of 3 inches. However, here you'll find a bit of a contradiction because heavier arrows result in slower speeds, meaning compromising speed might be necessary to avoid losing momentum and kinetic energy so rapidly. To properly calculate arrow speed, use the following formula: IBO Speed(in fps) + (Draw Length 30) x 10 Additional Weight on Bowstring (in grains) / 3 + MIN(0, (Arrow Weight(in grains) 5 x Draw Weight in Pounds) / 3 )). Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. To find the distance that your arrow will travel, you can use the projectile motion calculator. Enter speed and arrow weight data into the calculator. Two main ways in which speed affects precision: First, faster arrows have flatter trajectory, meaning they drop less as they fly toward their target. You want to know the arrow's speed when you increase both the draw length and the arrow weight. I remember when I first started bowhunting; it was right around the time I became a teenager. But that rarely happens, and heres why. 525 grain arrows will fly at ~87.8% of initial speed Sighting-in your crossbow properly to compensate trajectory. Considering that the vital area (heart and lungs) of a whitetail deer is 6" to 8", we can see how easy it is to miss the target when using a slower bow or a crossbow. Decide on the draw weight and the arrow weight. 500 grain arrows will fly at ~90% of initial speed The trick is to balance speed (and range finding forgiveness) with arrow mass and penetration potential. Finally, enter the Additional weight on the string if this is known. ), Any additional weight on your bowstring (nock loop, peep, etc.). Balanced Bowhunting The greater the draw weight, the greater the speed of the arrow shot from the bow. This arrow speed calculator allows you to accurately determine the speed of an arrow. For example, a 500 spine arrow bends .5 inches when the weight is applied. You should be able to successfully harvest High Velocity; 325 - 375 feet per second arrow speed crossbows. To correctly calculate kinetic energy, use the following formula: 1/2 Mass (Arrow Weight in grains divided by 2) x Velocity squared (Arrow Speed x Arrow Speed (in fps from the above formula)) / 225218 The result of this formula is calculated in foot-pounds (ft-lbs). All of these parameters are summarized in an equation that you can use to estimate the actual arrow speed: With this archery calculator, you can also find the momentum and kinetic energy of an arrow. As the arrow travels downrange it is constantly slowing down and dropping toward the ground, the further it travels, the faster it falls to the ground. Point Blank Range; Point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the first point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. Mid-Range Rise; Mid-range rise when sighting in a crossbow is the highest point in the arrows trajectory between the point blank range and the true zero point. At the rated 350 fps IBO the speed should be 319 so we know that the IBO is slightly high. *This Calculator Was Developed With The Help of The Ashby Bow Foundation*. Putting it all into perspective. Heavy arrows, coupled with the right speed for your target animal, optimized by a high FOC, can accomplish a lot more than a light, fast arrow. The results suggested a weight between 400- and 428-grains. As the arrow moves through space, the kinetic energy drops. There are several factors that go into the arrow speed equation. As of 2021, crossbow speeds range between 300 FPS and 500 FPS. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. If the exact speed is not available, use the Bow/Arrow Speed Calculator to estimate the arrow speed. This does not affect or reflect on our recommendations or opinions. Please keep in mind that the values below assume the crossbow configuration is not altered, and that the only change is in arrow weight. As such we decided to use 400 grain arrows, as this was bound to yield results most closely resembling those that a new crossbow buyer will experience when shooting the arrows in their crossbow package. What is important, is understanding how this impacts the arrow you choose to buy and use when hunting, along with the broadheads you use. To properly calculate kinetic energy, use the following formula: 1/2 Mass (Arrow Weight in grains divided by 2) x Velocity squared (Arrow Speed x Arrow Speed (in fps from the above formula)) / 225218 - The result of this formula is calculated in foot-pounds (ft-lbs). And the greater the mass, the longer the energy stays in the arrow as it flies. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Mine hits dead nuts from 30 out to 135 yards. You can obtain this value with this formula: An arrow's kinetic energy is determined as: Keep in mind that the arrow loses speed as it travels. Arrow speed specification. So when you see a certain crossbow rated at 350 FPS, for example, this was most likely calculated using a 400, maybe 425 grain arrow. The optical chronograph is insensitive to shooting distance, but shooting errors can destroy the chronograph. Power stroke is the length between the crossbow's string in its full-draw position and at rest point. About the time I reached my fathers then age, technology changed drastically, making it possible for bow companies to achieve 300 fps with a hunting bow. Ever wonder exactly how much kinetic energy is released by an arrow, based on its initial speed and distance traveled? . Which leaves us with the only valid option for increasing the FPS of a crossbow: buying a faster model in the first place! My bow stayed the same: 60-pounds at 27.5-inches of draw. arrow weight can seriously affect the speed, Arrow Speed, Kinetic Energy, and Momentum (Penetration) Calculator, Draw Length Calculator: Get Accurate Results Fast, Arrow FOC Calculator: Measure & Calculate FOC Fast, How to Buy Arrows for a Compound Bow (The Right Way), Arrow Weight Calculator: Optimize Your Arrows for Hunting, Understanding Arrow Spine and Spine Deflection for Hunting, Large Game (elk, black bear, wild boar, etc. When shooting a compound bow, all things being equal, they are: Many bowhunters dont quite understand the complexity behind bow speeds. You are welcome to share it, as long as you mention www.bestcrossbowsource.com as the original source of the data / research. FOC stands for Front of Center balance point. Not too long after that came the advent of the speed bow, and soon, almost every bow on the market was capable of hurling anarrowat 300 fps. 2. If you want to learn more about momentum and how to calculate it, we have a dedicated momentum calculator that you might enjoy! Because most animals tend to "jump the string". If this tool does not calculate, please refresh the page and try again. Sight compensation of trajectory. , which happens to be the most important factor in regard to hunting with archery equipment. When an arrow is shot from your bow, its impact, and ability to penetrate and make the kill is based not just on the speed of your bow. The IBO method (detailed in the arrow speed calculator instructions above) sets up a bow and an arrow weighing 5 grains per lb. Bonus fps! Models at the high end of this spectrum tend to cost a lot so we should be pretty confident the top velocities bring equally impressive results before spending the cash. This measurement results from the relative weights of the components used in the arrow: shaft, insert, point, fletching and nock. The arrow must be 28" in length and supported at each end of the arrow. A lighter arrow produces more arrow speed, but an increase in arrow weight (incremented by 25 grains) can increase and eventually decrease arrow kinetic energy. Do 100 FPS make such an impactful difference? The only way to find the exact speed of your specific arrow is with an arrow chronograph. In the majority of cases once a peep is added the speed will only be a few fps off but the ratings of some bows are significantly off. True Zero; True zero when sighting in a crossbow is the second point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. We use cookies to optimize our website and our service. Anderson, SC, 2023 N1 Outdoors. When you properly sight-in your crossbow for hunting you want to have a flat trajectory, the flatter the better. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Keep in mind that most IBO ratings are not real-world numbers. Whitetail deer is particularly proficient at doing that. For more information on Kinetic Energy and Momentum, please see Kinetic Energy, Momentum and Arrows Enter the arrow weight (grains) Enter the arrow speed (fps) Momentum = Kinetic Energy = Archery Report Sites Archery Report Archery Calculator Then, the more draw weight you use to pull, the quicker an arrow will fly and the more kinetic energy it will have. Also, make sure to check out our best crossbow rankings for a scoop on the top equipment on the market. Corrected IBO Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with . Every bow gains efficiency a little differently. If you change the values on your draw weight, draw length, and arrow weight; you will see how these changes impact your arrow speed, kinetic energy, and momentum. This calculator is based on average efficiency gains as arrow weight is increased from 5 grains per pound (IBO). Scope sights have an advantage as they can easily be raised higher above the flight rail by simply installing higher rings, when this is done the crossbow will sight-in differently and appear to have a flatter trajectory, which is a good thing.

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