2002. WebBusiness, Economics, and Finance. Here God chastises the men who violated his covenant, recalling when they had passed between the two halves of a sacrificed calf, and threatening that he will make these men like that calf. What did it mean to be devoted to destruction? GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. (:20-46) DETAILED CURSES DUE TO DISOBEDIENCE, Variety of Curses Leading to Destruction Due to Wicked Covenant Disloyalty. You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. 31Your ox shall be slaughtered before your eyes, but you shall not eat of it; your donkey shall be violently taken away from before you, and shall not be restored to you; your sheep shall be given to your enemies, and you shall have no one to rescue them. (:15) Condition for Cursing = Disobedience. The last three describe climatic or agricultural conditions. And the heaven which is over your head shall be bronze. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. Between the Covenant Code and Esarhaddons Succession Treaty,Journal of Ancient Judaism3: 123-140. There will be no relief until the Lord has finished you off (lit., destroyed you, v. 21) in the land. You will be cursed in the field 3. (3) The enemy will speak an unintelligible language. Rather, Deuteronomy (28:1-46) mediates between the traditions of the East and West, featuring characteristic examples of the Northwest Semitic futility curse type, as well as curses more common to Akkadian, East Semitic texts such as EST. Copyright 2019 by Zondervan. You will be cursed in the city (Deut 28:16) 2. 58If you do not carefully follow all the words of this law,(CB) which are written in this book, and do not revere(CC) this glorious and awesome name(CD)the Lord your God 59the Lord will send fearful plagues on you and your descendants, harsh and prolonged disasters, and severe and lingering illnesses. (:49-52) Relentless Tactics of the Lords Agents of Destruction, 1. Your donkey will be forcibly taken from you and will not be returned. Start for FREE. 1965, The Vassal-Treaties of Esarhaddon and the Dating of Deuteronomy,Oudtestamentische Studin14: 122-154. Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs; Oxford: Oxford University Press. He will put an iron yoke(BK) on your neck(BL) until he has destroyed you. Andrew D.H. Mayes and R.B. (:30b) The Futility of Home Construction, you shall build a house, but you shall not live in it;, c. (:30c) The Futility of Agricultural Labors, you shall plant a vineyard, but you shall not use its fruit., d. (:31) The Futility of Owning Livestock. MacArthur: God would raise up a nation to act as His own instrument of judgment against His ungrateful people. Why Does God Establish rather than Cut Covenants in the Priestly Source? pp. The first three are clearly human diseases (consumption, fever, and inflammation). 28:26-29, we find curses that seem to cohere more with the tradition of the futility curse, the curse of maximum effort but minimal gain, which I have proposed was traditional to Northwest Semitic literary compositions. Deut 1:10; 10:22). 36The Lord will (V)bring you and the king whom you set over you to a nation which neither you nor your fathers have known, and (W)there you shall serve other godswood and stone. 20A forms with 25 a clear antithesis to Deuteronomy 28:7, but is more elaborate (5) The enemy will be heartless, showing no respect for the aged or mercy toward the young. Both Deuteronomy and ancient Near Eastern treaty texts feature a similar structure with a historical prologue before a section of legal material and finally blessings and curses. Translations. Immediately following this statement, the text shifts again, employing further curses in the guise of the futility form. 43 The alien who is among you shall rise above you higher and higher, but you shall go down lower and lower. 42 The cricket shall possess all your trees and the produce of your ground. Both the biblical and inscriptional texts seem to demonstrate a large body of rites and rituals that would have come along with the formalization of a treaty or covenant. 44He shall lend to you, but you shall not lend to him; he shall be the head, and you shall be the tail. Hebrew. Deuteronomy 28:1 - And it shall come to pass, if thou shalt hearken diligently unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe [and] to do all his commandments which I command thee this day, that the LORD thy God will set thee on high above all nations of the earth: Deuteronomy 28:2 - And all What are the curses God promised Israel for disobedience? Gerald Gerbrandt: In this larger block of curses, the focus is narrowed to portray the catastrophe resulting from siege and defeat at the hand of the enemy. Eugene Merrill: The intensity of the distress is emphasized by the fact that parents would eat their children, their only hope of earthly remembrance and posterity (v. 53). Warren Wiersbe: This section is predictive; it describes the judgments God promised to send on the nation if the people refused to obey His law. Root Strong's. You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. This verse is a near replica of 28:1, except for the last clause. Once again, in this portion of Deuteronomy 28, the orientation of the text has shifted back to Northwest Semitic ideas and metaphors. 35The Lord will strike you in the knees and on the legs with severe boils which cannot be healed, and from the sole of your foot to the top of your head. (:59-62) Overturning of Previous Blessings into Extraordinary Curses, a. Just as Ezra had intermediaries to help the people understand the reading of the Torah, translating it and giving the sense (Neh. 1:13 (x2); Hag. Deuteronomy 28:1 - And it shall come to pass, if thou shalt hearken diligently unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe [and] to do all his commandments which I command thee this day, that the LORD thy God will set thee on high above all nations of the earth: Deuteronomy 28:2 - And all WebThe Curse of Covenant Reversal: Deuteronomy 28:58-68 and Israel's Exile become clear that this passage relates both backwards to the promises given to Abraham and forwards to the renewal of those promises in the renewed hope of the prophets of Israel. Clearly the ritual context of treaty formation in ancient Israel and Judah involved a complex body of rites and actions, encompassing at the very least signs, sacrifice, the recitation and writing of curses and perhaps a ritual procession between the two halves of an animal as implied in Genesis 15, and explicit in Jeremiah 34. 20 shall be handed over to their enemies, to those who seek to kill them. 2:9 (x2); 4:10 (x2); 5:6; 8:7; 9:12, 16; Amos 4:8; 5:11 (x2); 8:12; Micah 3:4; 6:14 (x2), 15 (x3); Zeph. (:37) Psychological Opposition Humiliating Disgrace, And you shall become a horror, a proverb, and a taunt among all the people where the LORD will drive you., 3. This is the summation WebNow, Deuteronomy 28 has a long and detailed list of curses, and I want to focus on the curses that cover sicknesses and diseases that Jesus has redeemed you and me from: Consumption (diseases that cause your lungs to waste away), fever, and inflammation (Deut. 20, 45, 47, 62). _ALL THESE BLESSINGS SHALL COME ON THEE_] God shall pour out his blessing from Salters. Supported by: This may well account for the problem of Akkadian literacy in Judah. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. Donner, Herbert and Wolfgang Rllig. 32Your sons and daughters will be given to another nation,(AF) and you will wear out your eyes watching for them day after day, powerless to lift a hand. Earl Kalland: This glorious and awesome name speaks of his essence, character, and reputation as the God of the promises, the true and living God revealed to the people, particularly at Horeb (Sinai). [a] 21The Lord will plague you with diseases until he has destroyed you from the land you are entering to possess. MacArthur: Significantly, the phrase the Lord your God is used approximately 280 times in the book of Deuteronomy. WebDeuteronomy 28 Fruit of thy body ( vv. 2:2, Deut. 51They will devour the young of your livestock and the crops of your land until you are destroyed. Scripture taken from the New King James Version. Blessings and curses are directly associated with the covenant God made with the people of Israel, so they should be interpreted within that context. A. III. The gentlest soul would abandon all restraint and loyalty and in his hour of self-preservation would feed upon his own precious loved ones (v. 54), not retaining a shred of generosity toward others in similar plight (v. 55). 41 You shall have sons and daughters but they shall not be yours, for they shall go into captivity. Curses upon city and field: You will be cursed in the city and cursed in the country ( Deuteronomy 28:16 ). 50+ reference books. The catalogue of seven afflictions expresses Yahwehs sovereignty over all agents of death and destruction. Certainly this is the logic that underlines the treaty formalized between Jacob and Laban, and the mound of witness that acts as the sign of their covenant, named in Aramaic by Laban, and in Hebrew by Jacob (Genesis 31:47). Once she lived in security, but now she would live in anxiety, despair, and in constant suspense and fear for her life (vv. If you have any questions, please review our Privacy Policy or email us at privacy@biblegateway.com. WebThe curses are terribleexile, worship of pagan idols, being beaten in battle, vicious attack, infertile soil and unproductive efforts, even to the extent of starvation under siege, such 2016. (R) 24The Lord will turn the rain(S) of your country into dust and powder; it will come down from the skies until you are destroyed. View Options English. . 66Your life shall hang in doubt before you; you shall fear day and night, and have no assurance of life. Web22 views, 0 likes, 0 loves, 0 comments, 3 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Baldwin First UMC: 4th Sunday of Easter. Skip Next. Web7 The Lord will grant that the enemies who rise up against you will be defeated before you. WebA retired old guy who loves people and is happy to share my (FREE) advice, mistakes, valuable career and life lessons, wisdom - and plenty of funny stuff, too. 64Then the Lord will scatter(CN) you among all nations,(CO) from one end of the earth to the other. 36) and thus introduce curses as the withdrawal of blessing. Duane Christensen: The center of this structure (vv 3031) contains a list of calamities that essentially undo the blessings of vv 4, 8, and 11. For less than $5/mo. 2012. Whereas verse 20 identifies the targets of doom as the work of the Israelites hands, verse 45 identifies the Israelites themselves as the targets. J.E. The second is grotesque: The mother secretly eats her children, and like an animal she also devours the afterbirth. 30You will be pledged to be married to a woman, but another will take her and rape her. No less tragic and stark would be the reversal of the covenant promise concerning the land. Indeed, the text in Deuteronomy seems to build upon and amplify the Akkadian, adding additional clauses that stress the perpetuity of the curse, so you shall never recover with none to give help. Weinfeld, Moshe. Your ox shall be slaughtered before your eyes. Their refusal to trust in their covenantal Lord led to their rebellion and idolatry and, eventually, to their experience of covenantal curse. 33A people that you do not know will eat what your land and labor produce, and you will have nothing but cruel oppression(AG) all your days. 12:13; Mic. 28. WebIn this section Moses identified about four times as many curses as he had listed previous blessings (Deuteronomy 28:1-14). New International Version (NIV). Why is the list of curses almost 4 times as long as the blessings? (AY) 41You will have sons and daughters but you will not keep them, because they will go into captivity. All rights reserved worldwide. DepartmentBldg Tucson, AZ 85721 TEL 520-621-6897 FAX 520-626-9014. How did these parallels come into existence? 20:6; Job 31:8; Jer. (:63-68) Hopeless Condition How Bad Will It Get? All rights reserved. [] 17 When the sun set and it was very dark, there appeared a smoking oven, and a flaming torch which passed between those pieces. Mildew seems to involve pathological yellowing of grain, attributable to plant disease, inadequate nutrients in the soil, or drought. Transliteration. 11:11; Hos. If we are to understand anything about the composition of the Hebrew Bible, especially in comparison with texts from the ancient Near East, we must first nuance our attempts with detailed consideration of the writing culture of the ancient Levant incorporating oral and written modes of literary transmission, the Northwest Semitic literary remains, scribal practice, and bilingualism. The second speech thus has the pattern of first giving the bigger, governing principles (Deut. Whereas in verse 20 Yahweh commissions a triad of agents of doom against Israel, verse 45 replaces these with a triad of verbs. 12:13; Mic. What does Deuteronomy 24 teach about divorce. Gerald Gerbrandt: If Israel does not obey, well-deserved punishment will follow (v. 15). WebHebrew Interlinear :: Deuteronomy 28:5 (WLC KJV) Search. Settings MacArthur: v. 30 These 3 curses were in contrast to the exemptions from military service granted in 20:5-7. 25The Lord will cause you to be defeated(T) before your enemies. (1) The enemy will come from the ends of the earth. What is near is familiar; what is distant is mysterious and fearful. (:54-55) Monstrous Cannibalism by Even the Most Refined Man, The man who is refined and very delicate among you shall be hostile toward his brother and toward the wife he cherishes and toward the rest of his children who remain, 55 so that he will not give even one of them any of the flesh of his children which he shall eat, since he has nothing else left, during the siege and the distress by which your enemy shall oppress you in all your towns., 3. Frankena, Rintje. 27:1-28:68). 28 and the Assyrian texts indicate that they have drawn on these resources, but in both texts they have been adapted to their immediate context. 1. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. (:16-19) Comprehensive Spheres of Cursing, Cursed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl., Cursed shall be the offspring of your body, the increase of your herd and the young of your flock., and cursed shall you be when you go out., II. Nicholson, ed. 6:9-8). 56The [m]tender and [n]delicate woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground because of her delicateness and sensitivity, [o]will refuse to the husband of her bosom, and to her son and her daughter, 57her [p]placenta which comes out (AP)from between her feet and her children whom she bears; for she will eat them secretly for lack of everything in the siege and desperate straits in which your enemy shall distress you at all your gates. Whereas the imprecations of 27:1526 and 28:1519 are formulaic in nature, the curses in verses 2068 are cast in impassioned rhetorical style and expound in exhaustive detail the reversal of the blessings specified in verses 713. Deuteronomy 29:27 chapter context similar meaning copy save. And not just the most crass or barbaric among them would do so. Deu 28:63 And it shall come to pass, that as the LORD rejoiced over you to do you good, and to multiply you; so the LORD will rejoice over you to destroy you, and to bring you to nought; and ye shall be plucked from off the land whither thou goest to possess it. Moses highlights Israels hopelessness by punctuating the litany of disasters with declarations of the absence of any relief. (:59-61) Severe Plagues and Sicknesses. Instead, the heavens would rain down dust, which would only exacerbate an already hopeless situation on the earth (v. 24; cf. Skip Next. The particular curse form common to the Old Aramaic inscriptions and Deuteronomy 28 can be described as curses of futility, with a characteristic syntactical form and commonalities in both vocabulary and ideation. then the LORD will bring extraordinary plagues on you and your descendants. 38(Z)You shall carry much seed out to the field but gather little in, for (AA)the locust shall [g]consume it. The best value in digital Bible study. No software to install. They will come at you from one direction but flee from you in seven. 45Moreover all these curses shall come upon you and pursue and overtake you, until you are destroyed, because you [i]did not obey the voice of the Lord your God, to keep His commandments and His statutes which He commanded you. View Options English. In the Hebrew Bible, you really are damned if you dont. The law code of the book of Deuteronomy is capped with a series of curses that threaten harm upon any individual that should fail to keep the Deuteronomic laws. Hebrew. 24The Lord will change the rain of your land to powder and dust; from the heaven it shall come down on you until you are destroyed. Princeton University (:56-57) Monstrous Cannibalism by Even the Most Refined Woman, The refined and delicate woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground for delicateness and refinement, shall be hostile toward the husband she cherishes and toward her son and daughter, 57 and toward her afterbirth which issues from between her legs and toward her children whom she bears; for she shall eat them secretly for lack of anything else, during the siege and the distress by which your enemy shall oppress you in your towns.. (8 The Lord will send a blessing on your barns and on everything you put your hand to. Their carcasses shall become food for the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth. 2. ), ferocity, and sheer horror swallow up the delicate and kind blessings in the same way that the emaciated cows devoured the fat ones in Pharaoh's dreams. (CV) There you will offer yourselves for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you. 26:33; Deut. WebLife and Death, Blessing and Curse In part one (00:00-18:28), Tim and Jon dive into the final movement of Deuteronomy and begin tracing the words blessing and curse. You Duane Christensen: The structure of 28:4568 may be outlined in a similar five-part concentric structure, a wheel within a wheel: A These curses will pursue you until you are destroyed 28:45, B Israels utter privationin lack of everything 28:4648, X Military siege and the undoing of Gods blessings 28:4952, B Israel reduced to cannibalismin lack of everything 28:5357, A Complete reversal of Israels history until you are destroyed 28:5868. The second speech thus has the pattern of first giving the bigger, governing principles (Deut. 63And it shall be, that just as the Lord (AV)rejoiced over you to do you good and multiply you, so the Lord (AW)will rejoice over you to destroy you and bring you to nothing; and you shall be (AX)plucked[q] from off the land which you go to possess. 5657a). The inscriptions are the first and only treaties that have been found in Aramaic, a Northwest Semitic language closely related to Hebrew (for the text see Donner and Rllig 2002; vocalization and translation is my own). Deuteronomy 28 and the Aramaic Curse Tradition. b. The full measure of the divine curse would come on Israel when its disobedience had been hardened into disregard for the glorious and awesome character of God. Yet immediately following Deut. Grid & List Views. (CG) 62You who were as numerous as the stars in the sky(CH) will be left but few(CI) in number, because you did not obey the Lord your God. WebDeuteronomy 28:30: 2 Sam. They will leave you no grain, new wine(BR) or olive oil,(BS) nor any calves of your herds or lambs of your flocks until you are ruined. Grid & List Views. Jennie Ebeling --Department of Archaeology and Art History, University of Evansville, Copyright 2000-2023 The Bible and Interpretation| All Rights Reserved |The University of Arizona | Developed bySBS Tech (z) Jacchiades in Dan. Copyright 1982 by Thomas Nelson. The nature of the sickness is unclear since the generic term deber is used (v. 21). 21, 60) A people whom you do not know shall eat up the produce of your ground and all your labors, and you shall never be anything but oppressed and crushed continually., And you shall be driven mad by the sight of what you see., The LORD will strike you on the knees and legs with sore boils, from which you cannot be healed, from the sole of your foot to the crown of your head.. Because Israel did not serve God, it will serve the enemy (vv. 5:10 (x2); Jer. The traditional formulation of the Deuteronomy // Esarhaddon Treaties hypothesis is concerned with Deuteronomy 28:26-35 in comparison with EST 39-42 (for the text, see Parpola and Watanabe 1987; vocalization and translation is my own). 1:4; Ps. 127:1; Job 31:8; and Prov. New Translation Selector Translation Colors. This foreign nation was described as coming from a far distance from Israel, a nation that would arise quickly and one that would completely devastate the Land. Whereas verse 20 has Yahweh dispatching the agents of Israels doom, verse 45 compares the curses to an animal pursuing and overtaking its prey. Smoak, Jeremy D. 2008. WebThe Curses outlined in the book of Deuteronomy chapter 28 are used by many Hebrew Israelite groups or camps as they are often referred to and individuals to prove that the You will come at them from one direction but flee from them in seven,(U) and you will become a thing of horror(V) to all the kingdoms on earth. Morrow, William S. 2005. 37And you shall become (X)an[f] astonishment, a proverb, (Y)and a byword among all nations where the Lord will drive you. Matthew 15:1-20 Defilement Is a Heart Issue, Matthew 14:22-36 Walking on Water Growing Insight into the Identity of Jesus, Matthew 14:13-21 Miraculous Feeding of the 5,000 Messianic Provision, Matthew 14:1-12 The Beheading of John the Baptist Speaking Truth to Depraved Power Can Cost You Dearly, Matthew 13:53-58 No Home Court Advantage for Prophets Just Rejection. WebDeuteronomy 28 Leviticus 26 (More Curses) Hosea 4:6 My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: Leviticus Chapter 26 Verses 14 - 46 speak of the CURSES / PUNISHMENTS that would come upon Israel if they chose to disobey the laws of Yah. Ramos, Melissa. (:29b) Material Deprivation and Physical Danger, and you shall not prosper in your ways; but you shall only be oppressed and robbed continually, with none to save you., 3. Placing the biblical curses within the larger context of this ancient Near Eastern material provides new insights into the background and function of the curses in the book of Deuteronomy, and in the Hebrew Bible more generally. 17. This was clearly a judgment on covenant violation as the repetition of the conditional protasis clause (because you did not obey the LORD your God) puts beyond doubt. 20 The Lord will never be willing to forgive them; his wrath and zeal will burn against them. (D), 17Your basket and your kneading trough will be cursed. The exemptions were possible because God would grant His people victory in battle. 63Just as it pleased(CJ) the Lord to make you prosper and increase in number, so it will please(CK) him to ruin and destroy you. WebCommanded Commandments Commands Complete Curses Decrees Destroyed Destruction Ear Hearken Hearkened Hearkenedst Keeping Laws Moreover Obey (AN) 37You will become a thing of horror,(AO) a byword(AP) and an object of ridicule(AQ) among all the peoples where the Lord will drive you.(AR). And He will bring back on you all the diseases of Egypt of which you were afraid, and they shall cling to you. Eugene Merrill: The result would be a greatly reduced population. It has become fairly common in the history of the interpretation of the book of Deuteronomy to understand the book as a covenant or treaty detailing the terms of the relationship between God and man, and developed along the same structural lines as ancient Near Eastern treaty texts. (:47-57) DESTRUCTIVE CONSEQUENCES OF A SIEGE BY FOREIGN ENEMIES. 39 You shall plant and cultivate vineyards, but you shall neither drink of the wine nor gather the grapes, for the worm shall devour them. (Q) 23The sky over your head will be bronze, the ground beneath you iron. (8 The Lord will send a blessing on your barns and on everything you put your hand to. 1965. Web15 Curses for Disobedience 1. 36:121; Jer. Then you shall be left few in number, whereas you were as the stars of heaven for multitude, because you did not obey the LORD your God.. God had delivered her from bondage in Egypt, but the people would voluntarily return to that misery and in such a humiliated condition that no Egyptian would purchase them as slaves. (W) 26Your carcasses will be food for all the birds(X) and the wild animals, and there will be no one to frighten them away. 26 And your carcasses shall be food to all birds of the sky and to the beasts of the earth, and there shall be no one to frighten them away., The LORD will smite you with the boils of Egypt and with tumors, and with the scab and with the itch, from which you cannot be healed.. Instead of Israels being set high above all the nations of the earth, all these curses shall come upon you and overtake you (same verbs as 28:2) The presence of this curse language, also found in various ancient Near Eastern treaties, emphasizes the seriousness of infidelity in Israels relationship with Yahweh. . ^Deuteronomy 28 - This chapter proves that we are the true Jews _ Curses Verses 15 - 68 is talking about the cursing that will come to the nation of Israel. Blight apparently refers to premature drying of grain growing in the fields, perhaps because of the desiccating effect of scorching east wind. 64Then the Lord (AY)will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and (AZ)there you shall serve other gods, which neither you nor your fathers have knownwood and stone. This no doubt refers to physical disease that would ravage the land from time to time (cf. 22(F)The Lord will strike you with consumption, with fever, with inflammation, with severe burning fever, with the sword, with (G)scorching,[c] and with mildew; they shall pursue you until you perish.

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